S21 Surfactant is a non-ionic surfactant composed of a hydrophobic lauryl chain (Brij 35) and a hydrophilic polyethylene glycol (PEG) long chain (e.g., PEG 1000). Its unique molecular structure anchors hydrophobic regions of proteins via the hydrophobic chain, while the hydrophilic PEG chain forms a hydration layer. It is widely used in in vitrodiagnostic reagents to stabilize proteins, optimize wettability, and reduce non-specific binding, particularly in scenarios requiring long-term preservation of active molecules or high-precision detection.•Protein Stabilization and Protection: The long PEG chain forms a hydration layer, reducing protein aggregation or denaturation and extending reagent shelf life (e.g., in antibody or enzyme preservation solutions).
•Wetting and Interface Optimization: Reduces liquid-solid interfacial tension, promoting uniform spreading of reagents on hydrophobic surfaces (e.g., nitrocellulose membranes, microplates) and minimizing edge effects.
•Blocking Non-Specific Binding: Blocks hydrophobic areas on solid carrier surfaces, reducing background interference (e.g., in ELISA or chemiluminescence detection).
•Controlled Steric Hindrance: At appropriate concentrations (typically ≤0.1%), prevents PEG chains from interfering with antigen-antibody binding, ensuring detection sensitivity.
•Low Toxicity: High biocompatibility makes it suitable for whole blood or live cell detection systems (e.g., microfluidic chips).
•ELISA Blocking/Wash Buffer: Added to blocking or wash buffers to reduce non-specific adsorption and improve signal-to-noise ratio.
•Antibody/Enzyme Preservation Solution: Serves as a stabilizer to prevent protein inactivation during lyophilization or long-term storage (e.g., for HRP, Taq polymerase).
•Lateral Flow Test Strips: Pre-mixed into conjugate pad treatment solutions to stabilize markers (colloidal gold/latex) and suppress non-specific binding.
•Latex-Enhanced Immunoturbidimetry: Added to latex microparticle suspensions (0.005%-0.03%) to enhance particle dispersibility and optimize turbidity signal uniformity (e.g., in CRP detection).
•Microfluidic Chip Wetting Agent: Coated onto hydrophobic channels (0.01%-0.05% solution) to optimize the flow performance of blood samples/reagents and prevent bubble retention.
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