•Ultra-Low Surface Tension: Rapidly reduces liquid-solid interfacial tension, promoting uniform spreading and penetration of reagents on hydrophobic surfaces (e.g., nitrocellulose membranes, plastic microplates).

•Non-Hemolytic Property: Acts gently on red blood cell membranes, avoiding hemolysis-induced interference in optical detection (e.g., direct lateral flow or colorimetry with whole blood).

•Enzyme Compatibility: Does not disrupt enzyme activity, making it suitable for enzyme-containing reaction systems (e.g., ELISA, chemiluminescence) and improving detection stability.

•Low Foaming and Defoaming: Suppresses foam generation during reagent mixing or automated pipetting, ensuring accurate signal reading.

•Latex Particle Stabilization: Prevents aggregation of latex/colloidal gold particles through synergistic steric hindrance and electrostatic repulsion, enhancing the uniformity of turbidity signals.

•Lateral Flow Immunoassay Strips: Added to the sample pad treatment solution to accelerate the penetration of whole blood/serum, inhibit red blood cell retention, and reduce background interference.

•Latex-Enhanced Immunoturbidimetry: Pre-mixed in latex microparticle suspensions to enhance particle dispersibility and improve detection sensitivity and linear range.

•Direct Whole Blood Detection Reagents: Serves as a component of red blood cell adsorption materials for gentle plasma-cell separation, eliminating bias from high-hematocrit (HCT) samples.

•Microfluidic Chip Wetting Agent: Coated onto hydrophobic microchannels to optimize the flow uniformity of blood samples and prevent cell clogging or bubble retention.

•Enzyme Reaction System Stabilizer: Added to enzyme preservation solutions to reduce enzyme inactivation during lyophilization/reconstitution and extend reagent shelf life.

General Usage Range: 0.005%–0.5% (0.01%–0.1% is commonly used in diagnostic reagents).

Initial Testing: It is recommended to begin gradient optimization starting from 0.05% (e.g., 0.01%, 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.2%) and evaluate the following parameters:

•Wetting Speed: The diffusion time of the liquid on the solid carrier (e.g., flow rate on lateral flow strips).

•Signal Uniformity: Dispersion of latex particles or consistency of the color development zone.

•Background Cleanliness: Presence of red blood cell residues or non-specific adsorption.

•Solubility: Water solubility is >1%, but it requires slow stirring for dissolution (avoid vigorous shaking to prevent bubble formation).

•Temperature Sensitivity: Prolonged exposure to temperatures >40°C may cause molecular chain degradation.

•Environmental Compliance: Free of alkylphenol ethoxylates (APEs) and organic solvents, complying with FDA 21 CFR and EU IVDR regulations.