•Ultra-Low Dynamic Surface Tension: Rapidly reduces liquid-solid interfacial tension, accelerating the penetration and spreading of reagents on dense or hydrophobic surfaces (e.g., nitrocellulose membranes, plastic microplates).

•Red Blood Cell Compatibility: Inhibits red blood cell rupture or adhesion, making it suitable for direct whole blood detection (e.g., in lateral flow test strips, microfluidic chips) and eliminating bias from samples with high hematocrit (HCT).

•Latex Particle Stabilization: The hydrophobic chains adsorb onto particles while the hydrophilic chains provide steric hindrance, preventing aggregation of latex/colloidal gold and improving the uniformity of turbidity signals (e.g., in CRP testing).

•Low Foaming and Anti-Interference: Minimizes foam generation during reagent mixing or automated pipetting, preventing fluctuations in optical signals (e.g., in colorimetric or fluorescent detection).

•Broad Chemical Compatibility: Tolerates pH 3–10, high salt concentrations, and organic solvents (e.g., ethanol, isopropanol), making it adaptable to complex reaction systems.

•Whole Blood Lateral Flow Strips: Added to the sample pad treatment solution to accelerate whole blood penetration and block red blood cell retention, enhancing detection sensitivity and specificity.

•Latex-Enhanced Immunoturbidimetry: Pre-mixed in latex microparticle suspensions to enhance particle dispersibility and optimize the turbidity signal from antigen-antibody complexes.

•Microfluidic Chip Wetting Agent: Coated onto hydrophobic microchannels to optimize the flow uniformity of blood samples and prevent cell clogging or bubble retention.

•Red Blood Cell Adsorption Material: Used as a coating for red blood cell filtration membranes to gently separate plasma from cells, reducing hemolysis interference (e.g., in POCT testing).

•Enzyme Reaction System Enhancer: Added to enzyme preservation solutions to reduce enzyme inactivation during lyophilization/reconstitution and extend reagent shelf life.

•Solubility: Water solubility >1%, but requires slow stirring for dissolution (avoid vigorous shaking to prevent bubble formation).

•Temperature Sensitivity: Prolonged exposure to temperatures >50°C may cause molecular chain degradation.

•Environmental Compliance: Free of APEs (alkylphenol ethoxylates) and organic solvents, complying with FDA 21 CFR and EU IVDR regulations.

•Weak Signal Due to Excessive Flow Speed: May result from overly strong wetting or excessive concentration. Reduce concentration to 0.01%–0.05% or optimize membrane pretreatment.

•Uneven Dispersion of Latex Particles: May be due to insufficient ultrasonication or low concentration. Extend ultrasonication time (10–15 minutes) or increase concentration to 0.03%–0.05%.

•Crystallization in Reagent: May be caused by precipitation during low-temperature storage. Restore to room temperature and vortex mix; filter if necessary.

•Partial Inhibition of Enzyme Activity: May occur due to surfactant competing with enzymes for binding sites. Reduce concentration to <0.01% or switch to an enzyme-compatible alternative (e.g., Poloxamer 188).

•Surfynol 465 exhibits lower dynamic surface tension than Surfynol 485.

•Surfynol 465 has an HLB ≈ 15 (more balanced wetting properties), while Surfynol 485 has an HLB = 17 (higher hydrophilicity).

•Surfynol 465 is more suitable for superhydrophobic surface treatment and high-viscosity sample penetration, whereas Surfynol 485 is preferable for rapid aqueous wetting and protection of sensitive enzyme systems.