•Mitigates Matrix Effects: Regulates the viscosity and surface tension of urine samples through hydrophilic-lipophilic balance, reducing interference from non-target substances (e.g., salts, metabolites).

•Enhances Sensitivity: Promotes efficient binding between colloidal gold-labeled antibodies and target antigens, reducing signal loss caused by particle aggregation.

•Reduces Background Staining: Suppresses non-specific adsorption of colloidal gold (e.g., to nitrocellulose membranes or impurities in samples), optimizing the signal-to-noise ratio.

•Stabilizes Colloidal Gold: The hydrophobic chains bind to the surface of colloidal gold, while the hydrophilic chains form a steric hindrance layer to prevent particle aggregation.

Information provided by Rhodia, Rhodia has been acquired by Solvay.